Decide how much to invest (决定投资多少)
Planning before buying or investing is important, because you can have a more balanced and lower risk portfolio. However, why shall be decide how much to invest and what are the consequences if we failed to do so? The rest of the article will list all the scenarios mentioned earlier.
The writer was told that a stock should contained more than 10% of your portfolio but not more than 33%. In this sense, a stock shall hold around 20% of your portfolio, and a total of only 5 stocks even all the cash are invested in stock. In order to do so, investors are required to limit themselves, to only use a certain amount of cash to invest in a stock. For example, you have a total of RM100k to be invested in stock market, and you shall already decide how much you want to spend on one stock. Let say you want to use 20% of your cash to buy Stock A, then you shall strictly only use RM20k to do so, and not a penny more than that.
Why shall we do so? This is because when you failed to limit yourself, you will eventually buy more than what you intended. If a stock keep falling and you are interested, you will buy it continuously, hence spending most of your money on one stock. Deciding a limit can restrict you from doing so, you shall not buy more even if the stock dropped, unless it is only for short-term trading. This means that you have initially spent RM20k on Stock A, but because it dropped too much, you have decided to buy at low price, where you spend an extra RM5k to buy, but sell the stock immediately when it rise back, at the point where you are able to earn around 10% of profit.
On the other hand, why shall we not invest over 33% of our portfolio in one stock? Imagine if you have one stock that hold half of your portfolio, where other 5 only hold 10% each. Your portfolio will fluctuate a lot since most of these up-down will come from the one you hold the most. Obviously, you will earn a lot when the stock that you held 50% goes up a lot, but investing is not “go big or go home”, but to minimize any risk and earn a consistent and decent return.
In short, it is important to plan before investing, to ensure everything will go on plan. Besides, do not invest in one stock until it holds more than 33% of your portfolio, it is unhealthy for your investment portfolio.
投资者必须在投资或者买一个股前规划好，那么就可以拥有一个比较平衡且低风险的投资组合。但是，为什么要先规划，而如果不这么做又会有什么后果呢？这篇文章会用几个场景来解释。
笔者曾经被教说一个股不应该占少过投资组合的10%，但也不可以多过33%。那么一个股平均来说应该会占你投资组合的20%，并且最多可以有5个股。要达到这样的平衡，投资者必须在事前部署规划好。举例，如果你有十万令吉，你应该先决定总共要在这个股花多少钱，那假设你要花两万令吉在A股，那么就要遵守自己的原则，而不能买超过自己定下的限制。
那我们为什么要这么做呢？因为当你没有限制自己时，你一定会买到多过头。当一个股一直跌而你又有很浓厚的兴趣是，你就会用更多钱一直买。但是如果你已经实现规划好，并且限制了自己，那么你就不会买超过比你想买的数额，除非你是要买来做短期操作。这代表你原先已经花光了你的两万令吉在A股，但由于它实在跌了太多，你纯粹花多五千令吉来买反弹。但是，这五千令吉应该要在反弹，也大约赚了10%左右卖出，那么就可以维持你健康的投资组合。
另一方面，为什么我们不要让投资组合里超过33%的资金花在一个股上？想象你有一个股是你投资组合的一半时，而其他5个股分别只有10%，那么你的组合便会随着那个占了一半的A股而大上大下。当然，如果你的A股一直上时，你的投资组合很容易赚钱，甚至翻倍，但投资并不是 “要干就干个大的，不然就别干”， 而是让自己的风险降低，同时可以拥有固定且不错的回酬。
总结，在投资前规划好很重要，它可以让你跟着你所拟定好的计划进行下一步。此外，不要让自己买一个股，买到超过你投资组合的三分之一，这相对来说是比较不健康的。
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https://klse.i3investor.com/blogs/InvestingKnowEverything/2020-11-27-story-h1536642617.jsp
